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关于Spring security

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Spring Acegi Security是spring security的主要架构。
在这里需要理解4个filter的概念:AuthenticationProcessingFilter, HttpSessionContextIntegrationFilter, ExceptonTranslationFilter, FilterSecurityInterceptor.
这四个Filter被FilterChainProxy过滤器链管理,就像一个串把四个过滤器链接在一起,他实现了Filter接口,通过调用WebapplicationContextUtils类的getWebApplicationContext(ServletContext)来获取Spring上下文句柄,并通过getBean(beanName)方法获取Spring受管Bean的对象,即这里的target参数配置的Bean,并通过调用FilterChainProxy的init()方法来启动Spring Security过滤器链来进行各种身份认证和授权服务
web.xml可以用如下配置:
<filter>  
 <filter-name>filterChainProxy</filter-name>  
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>  
</filter>  
<filter-mapping>  
<filter-name>filterChainProxy<filter-name>  
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
</filter-mapping> 

如下为Spring-security.xml的示例代码:
<bean id="filterChainProxy"    class="org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy">
<security:filter-chain-map path-type="ant">
<security:filter-chain pattern="/logout.jsp" filters="logoutFilter" />
<security:filter-chain pattern="/**" filters="httpSessionContextIntegrationFilter,authenticationProcessingFilter,FilterSecurityInterceptor" />
</security:filter-chain-map>
</bean>

下面逐个介绍每个过滤器:
AuthenticationProcessingFilter是认证过程过滤器,我们使用它来处理表单认证,当接受到与filterProcessesUrl所定义相同的请求时它开始工作:
<bean id="authenticationProcessingFilter" class="org.springframework.security.ui.webapp.AuthenticationProcessingFilter"> 
<property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"></property> 
<property name="filterProcessesUrl" value="/login"></property> 
<property name="defaultTargetUrl" value="/error.jsp?error=1"></property> 
<property name="authenticationFailureUrl" value="/index.jsp?error_code=1"></property> 
</bean> 

AuthenticationProcessingFilter调用authenticationManager来完成用户身份的认证,主要是Authenticate方法来认证,它使用Authentication(只包含用户名密码)作为参数,认证成功返回一个完整的Authentication对象(包含用户权限信息GrantedAuthority数组对象),最后会将Authentication对象存入SecurityContext中。
httpSessionContextIntegrationFilter是集成过滤器,在产生的HTTP会话中保持SecurityContext。这意味着这种认证机制只需要认证一次,接下来将通过HTTP request传递至filter chain中的下一个filter。
示例如下:
<bean id="sif"
class="org.springframework.security.context.HttpSessionContextIntegrationFilter">
<property name="allowSessionCreation" value="false"/>
</bean>  

FilterSecurityInterceptor管理限制存取权限检查,并授权检查。它知道哪些资源是安全的,哪些角色访问它们。 FilterSecurityInterceptor使用AuthenticationManager和做工作的AccessDecisionManager
<bean id="filterSecurityInterceptor" class="org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterSecurityInterceptor"> 
<property name="accessDecisionManager" ref="accessDecisionManager"></property> 
<property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"></property> 
<property name="objectDefinitionSource"> 
<value> 
CONVERT_URL_TO_LOWERCASE_BEFORE_COMPARISON 
PATTERN_TYPE_APACHE_ANT 
/login=ROLE_connect 
/success.jsp=ROLE_connect 
</value> 
</property> 
</bean> 

ExceptionTranslationFilter依赖FilterSecurityInterceptor,用来捕获FilterSecurityInterceptor抛出的例外
<bean id="exceptionTranslationFilter"    class="org.springframework.security.ui.ExceptionTranslationFilter">
<property name="authenticationEntryPoint" ref="authenticationEntryPoint"/>
<property name="accessDeniedHandler" ref="accessDeniedHandler"/>
</bean>            
<bean id="authenticationEntryPoint"     class="org.springframework.security.ui.preauth.PreAuthenticatedProcessingFilterEntryPoint">
</bean>
<bean id="accessDeniedHandler"  class="org.springframework.security.ui.AccessDeniedHandlerImpl">
<property name="errorPage" value="/logout.html"/>
</bean>
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